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SQL Interview Success: Unlocking the Top 5 Frequently Asked Queries

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 Here are the five top commonly asked SQL queries in the interviews. These you can expect in Data Analyst, or, Data Engineer interviews. Top SQL Queries for Interviews 01. Joins The commonly asked question pertains to providing two tables, determining the number of rows that will return on various join types, and the resultant. Table1 -------- id ---- 1 1 2 3 Table2 -------- id ---- 1 3 1 NULL Output ------- Inner join --------------- 5 rows will return The result will be: =============== 1  1 1   1 1   1 1    1 3    3 02. Substring and Concat Here, we need to write an SQL query to make the upper case of the first letter and the small case of the remaining letter. Table1 ------ ename ===== raJu venKat kRIshna Solution: ========== SELECT CONCAT(UPPER(SUBSTRING(name, 1, 1)), LOWER(SUBSTRING(name, 2))) AS capitalized_name FROM Table1; 03. Case statement SQL Query ========= SELECT Code1, Code2,      CASE         WHEN Code1 = 'A' AND Code2 = 'AA' THEN "A" | "A

Mainframe study materials for interviews

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Mainframe self-study materials provided to refresh quickly before your next interview.   Top Links for Mainframe Self Study Materials - You Can Download Free of Cost VSAM 1.0 REXX 1.0 MVSQuest Second Edition MVSQuest Second Edition – Tools MQSeries 1.0 MAINFRAME Q&A Mainframe reference questions JCL 1.0 ISPF V 1.0 DB2 1.0 IMS 1.0 IDMS 1.0 COBOL 1.0 CICS V1.0 Abend codes in MF ALL interview questions References Mainframe-srini blogs

Blue Prism complete tutorials download now

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Blue Prism is an automation tool useful to execute repetitive tasks without human effort. To learn this tool you need the right material. Provided below quick reference materials to understand detailed elements, architecture, and creating new bots . Useful if you are a new learner and trying to enter into an automation career. The number one and most popular tool in automation is a Blue prism. In this post, I have given references for popular materials and resources so that you can use for your interviews. RPA Blue Prism RPA blue prism tutorial popular resources I have given in this post. You can download it quickly. Learning Blue Prism is a really good option if you are a learner of Robotic process automation . RPA Advantages The RPA is also called "Robotic Process Automation"- Real advantages are you can automate any business process and you can complete the customer requests in less time. The Books Available on Blue Prism  Blue Prism resources David chappa

PL SQL: How to Fix Errors

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PL/SQL is procedural language, and the PL/SQL procedures you can call from any high-level language. This is depending on your project requirement. PL SQL  How to prevent some common errors or exceptions while writing PL/SQL procedures in your project. The number one and primary one is assigning variables non-numeric to numeric. This is one kind of area where you need to look in while writing PL/SQL procedure. PL/SQL is nothing but an invitation for trouble. They are all centered on data types and implicit conversion. What's implicit conversion? Let's say you have number held in a varchar2 data type variable, v_value. You try assigning n_value, a number data type variable, that value with the following line of code:n_value := v_value; That should work, right? Yes, it should, but when it doesn't, because you don't actually have a numeric literal stored in variable v_value, the implicit data type conversion will raise an "unexpected" exception in

What is Block-linking in Blockchain - Quick Tutorial

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Satoshi Nakamoto created the first Blockchain project wished Bitcoin to be secure, anonymous and could work with no centralized intermediary. To achieve that, Nakamoto combined public-key cryptography, a distributed ledger, and a consensus algorithm. History of Blockchain  Nakamoto combined public-key cryptography, a distributed ledger, and a consensus algorithm. The groundwork for each component was painfully laid by people before him, such as Wei Dai, Nick Szabo, Hal Finney, and Adam Back. The Blockchain can sometimes refer to the combination of all three components or just the distributed ledger. Blockchain ideas As the name aptly describes, at the heart of the Blockchain there is a chain of blocks, each block containing read-only data that represents monetary transactions. Every time a new block is written, you need to reference the block that immediately precedes it – so, at any given point, you can track down the chain up to the very first block created. How blockchain des

Here is an Audio Post Explained About Blockchain

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According to Investopedia - Originally developed as the accounting method for the virtual currency Bitcoin , blockchains – which use what's known as distributed ledger technology (DLT) – are appearing in a variety of commercial applications today. Distributed Ledger 1 - What is the Current Trend All the transactions currently can be edited by the server owners. They have full control to change the transaction details. The current trend is either centralized or decentralized. 2- Distributed Trend No one can edit the transaction details. It is transparent to all stakeholders. Video on Distributed Systems References What is Centralized Server Processing Role of Distributed Server Processing

How to Use Blockchain in Internet of Things and Real Applications

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You do not need a central authority in the blockchain. The distributed nature of records makes the records visible to all the parties. Encrypted blocks link to each other. You cannot manipulate the stored records in the blockchain.   Why the peer-to-peer network and the absence of a central authority Peer to peer network makes secure and transparent transactions. The data in the blocks are encrypted. The distributed nature is the main reason for not having central authority in the blockchain. Blockchain in IoT There are already blockchain applications in the context of the Internet of Things and some vendors have specific solutions to enable the use of blockchain for IoT too, among others increase trust, save costs and speed up transactions.  IBM is a frontrunner , although several vendors and industry initiatives have been launched with new solutions and actual deployments. References Top Blog on Blockchain Technology Trends

Tokenization: Vault based Vs Vault-less

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Tokenization means generating a random number as an alternative for a Credit card (PAN) number. The random number can be Numeric/Non-numeric. It is in such a format that others cannot decode it.    *** The popular tokenization server is the Vault server. It generates a random Token for each transaction customer made at Merchant outlets. You can find how card numbers are masked with junk characters in the pdf provided. Here is the  Visa Security Tokenization Pdf. Two Top Tokenization Servers. Vault based server Vault-less server What is Tokenization? 1. Vault based server It stores a  Card number (PAN) and a Token  in a Table of the Teradata database as Key and value pairs. Due to the growing volume of transactions, the handling of the database became a big challenge for acquirers.  For each transaction, the vault server stores a record. That row contains both the Credit card number and its Token. When you use the same card multiple times, it generates different Tokens.  It is