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Showing posts with the label Defects in Software development

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Mastering flat_map in Python with List Comprehension

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Introduction In Python, when working with nested lists or iterables, one common challenge is flattening them into a single list while applying transformations. Many programming languages provide a built-in flatMap function, but Python does not have an explicit flat_map method. However, Python’s powerful list comprehensions offer an elegant way to achieve the same functionality. This article examines implementation behavior using Python’s list comprehensions and other methods. What is flat_map ? Functional programming  flatMap is a combination of map and flatten . It transforms the collection's element and flattens the resulting nested structure into a single sequence. For example, given a list of lists, flat_map applies a function to each sublist and returns a single flattened list. Example in a Functional Programming Language: List(List(1, 2), List(3, 4)).flatMap(x => x.map(_ * 2)) // Output: List(2, 4, 6, 8) Implementing flat_map in Python Using List Comprehension Python’...

2 Root Causes for Defects in Software Development

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Miscommunication Miscommunication is a common factor, which can be defined as inaccurate statements or information missing that is required for the action to be done successfully. This miscommunication ends up in the documentation or verbal communication that occurs. Instead of spending time to make sure everything is accurate, statements are made that are untrue or unclear. When this occurs at the beginning of the change process the bad information continues down through the process. Decisions and design are made based on it.  At some point it gets realized that the information is bad and a defect is created. In the common project process that could be classified as linear, most defects are not found until in the later phase of development and unit testing has started. Process Defects This would be similar to a defect a machine makes in manufacturing. Even though the input is accurate, the process itself causes a defect to occur.  The original process was prone to defect...