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Step-by-Step Guide to Reading Different Files in Python

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 In the world of data science, automation, and general programming, working with files is unavoidable. Whether you’re dealing with CSV reports, JSON APIs, Excel sheets, or text logs, Python provides rich and easy-to-use libraries for reading different file formats. In this guide, we’ll explore how to read different files in Python , with code examples and best practices. 1. Reading Text Files ( .txt ) Text files are the simplest form of files. Python’s built-in open() function handles them effortlessly. Example: # Open and read a text file with open ( "sample.txt" , "r" ) as file: content = file.read() print (content) Explanation: "r" mode means read . with open() automatically closes the file when done. Best Practice: Always use with to handle files to avoid memory leaks. 2. Reading CSV Files ( .csv ) CSV files are widely used for storing tabular data. Python has a built-in csv module and a powerful pandas library. Using cs...
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Messages in Kafka the Types and Details

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A message, also called a record, is the basic piece of data flowing through Kafka. Messages are how Kafka represents your data. Kafka producer Vs. consumer messages Kafka is an intermediate server that receives a message from a producer and sends them to the consumer. Here is a set of 10 Kafka Interview Questions. Kafka message format Each message has a timestamp, a value, and an optional key. Custom headers can be used if desired as well.  A simple example of a message could be something like the following: the machine with host ID “1234567” (a message key) failed with the message “Alert: Machine Failed” (a message value) at “2020-10-02T10:34:11.654Z” (a message timestamp). Here is Kafka's flowchart for dummies. Kafka record The above image shows probably the most important and common parts of a message that users deal with directly. Each key and value can interact in its own specific ways to serialize or deserialize its data. Now that we have a record, how do we let Kafka know ab...
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