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Step-by-Step Guide to Reading Different Files in Python

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 In the world of data science, automation, and general programming, working with files is unavoidable. Whether you’re dealing with CSV reports, JSON APIs, Excel sheets, or text logs, Python provides rich and easy-to-use libraries for reading different file formats. In this guide, we’ll explore how to read different files in Python , with code examples and best practices. 1. Reading Text Files ( .txt ) Text files are the simplest form of files. Python’s built-in open() function handles them effortlessly. Example: # Open and read a text file with open ( "sample.txt" , "r" ) as file: content = file.read() print (content) Explanation: "r" mode means read . with open() automatically closes the file when done. Best Practice: Always use with to handle files to avoid memory leaks. 2. Reading CSV Files ( .csv ) CSV files are widely used for storing tabular data. Python has a built-in csv module and a powerful pandas library. Using cs...
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12 Top Hadoop Security Interview Questions

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Here are the interview questions on Hadoop security. Useful to learn for your data science project and for interviews.

Frequently asked interview questions on Hadoop security.

 12 Hadoop Security Interview Questions

  1. How does Hadoop security work?
  2. How do you enforce access control to your data?
  3. How can you control who is authorized to access, modify, and stop Hadoop MapReduce jobs?
  4. How do you get your (insert application here) to integrate with Hadoop security controls?
  5. How do you enforce authentication for users on all types of Hadoop clients (for example, web consoles and processes)?
  6. How can you ensure that rogue services don't impersonate real services (for example, rogue Task Trackers and tasks, unauthorized processes presenting block IDs to Data Nodes to get access to data blocks, and so on)?
  7. Can you tie in your organization's Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) directory and user groups to Hadoop's permissions structure?
  8. Can you encrypt data in transit in Hadoop?
  9. Can your data be encrypted at rest on HDFS?
  10. How can you apply consistent security controls to your Hadoop cluster?
  11. What are the best practices for security in Hadoop today?
  12. Are there proposed changes to Hadoop's security model? What are they?

References

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