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Step-by-Step Guide to Reading Different Files in Python

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 In the world of data science, automation, and general programming, working with files is unavoidable. Whether you’re dealing with CSV reports, JSON APIs, Excel sheets, or text logs, Python provides rich and easy-to-use libraries for reading different file formats. In this guide, we’ll explore how to read different files in Python , with code examples and best practices. 1. Reading Text Files ( .txt ) Text files are the simplest form of files. Python’s built-in open() function handles them effortlessly. Example: # Open and read a text file with open ( "sample.txt" , "r" ) as file: content = file.read() print (content) Explanation: "r" mode means read . with open() automatically closes the file when done. Best Practice: Always use with to handle files to avoid memory leaks. 2. Reading CSV Files ( .csv ) CSV files are widely used for storing tabular data. Python has a built-in csv module and a powerful pandas library. Using cs...
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Tokenization: Vault based Vs Vault-less

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Tokenization means generating a random number as an alternative for a Credit card (PAN) number. The random number can be Numeric/Non-numeric. It is in such a format that others cannot decode it.   
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The popular tokenization server is the Vault server. It generates a random Token for each transaction customer made at Merchant outlets. You can find how card numbers are masked with junk characters in the pdf provided. Here is the Visa Security Tokenization Pdf.


Vault vs Vault-less

Two Top Tokenization Servers.

  1. Vault based server
  2. Vault-less server

    What is Tokenization?



    1. Vault based server

    It stores a Card number (PAN) and a Token in a Table of the Teradata database as Key and value pairs. Due to the growing volume of transactions, the handling of the database became a big challenge for acquirers. 

    For each transaction, the vault server stores a record. That row contains both the Credit card number and its Token. When you use the same card multiple times, it generates different Tokens.  It is the basic concept of any Token server.  


    The tokenization process


    2. Vault-less Server.


    The Vault-less server is much faster. It generates random numbers based on the Split-algorithm logic. So decoding is harder. For each credit card transaction, it generates a new token.


    Moreover, it does not store card numbers and tokens. It generates both numeric or alphanumeric Tokens. Here is the list of top differences between the Vault and Vaultless servers.


    The principle behind this is to generate a random number and send it out.


    Comments

    1. AnonymousOctober 14, 2018 at 4:34 PM

      Hello Srini

      Just read your article on vault -v- vaultless, this question can only be answered depending on the vault itself - was it built to be scalable? Does it store every transaction? Quite simply no it does not, but like i say it all depends on how the vault was built. Is it more secure than vaultless - definately.

      ReplyDelete
      Replies
      1. SriniOctober 26, 2018 at 7:06 PM

        Vault-less is reversible security method that replaces sensitive data with fake data that looks and feels just like the real thing. So vault-less is advanced than Vault.

        Delete

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