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Step-by-Step Guide to Reading Different Files in Python

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 In the world of data science, automation, and general programming, working with files is unavoidable. Whether you’re dealing with CSV reports, JSON APIs, Excel sheets, or text logs, Python provides rich and easy-to-use libraries for reading different file formats. In this guide, we’ll explore how to read different files in Python , with code examples and best practices. 1. Reading Text Files ( .txt ) Text files are the simplest form of files. Python’s built-in open() function handles them effortlessly. Example: # Open and read a text file with open ( "sample.txt" , "r" ) as file: content = file.read() print (content) Explanation: "r" mode means read . with open() automatically closes the file when done. Best Practice: Always use with to handle files to avoid memory leaks. 2. Reading CSV Files ( .csv ) CSV files are widely used for storing tabular data. Python has a built-in csv module and a powerful pandas library. Using cs...
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How to Find Factorial in Python for Any Number

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I have explained how to find factorial for a given number in Python using my own script fact.fy.
A module is created as a script file, which contains function definitions that can be called in two ways:

  • From the interpreter
  • From another script file or from another function

python factorial logic

How to import a Script from Linux to Python Console

I have written a script fact.fy

# This program illustrates the designing/creation of a module

def factorial(n):
        "This module computes factorial"
        f=1;
        for i in range (1, n+1):
                  f=f*i;
        print(f)
        return 

In interpreter...
>>> import fact       ==> Import from Linux
>>>fact.factorial(5)
120

What is script reloading?

The Python interpreter imports a module only once in a session. 

If some modifications are performed in the script, then it must be reloaded (imported) again in the interpreter for future use.

A script is a reusable component and you can add n number of functions inside of it.

Directory function in Python.

In order to see the list of function names defined in a module, Python is provided with a built-in function called dir().

It displays the list of all the function definition names as follows:

>>>dir()

['__builtins__', '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', 
'__loader__','__name__', '__package__','__spec__',
'fib']

Another way if we give 'module' name in dir(), you will get a list of all functions inside of it.

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