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8 Ways to Optimize AWS Glue Jobs in a Nutshell

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  Improving the performance of AWS Glue jobs involves several strategies that target different aspects of the ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) process. Here are some key practices. 1. Optimize Job Scripts Partitioning : Ensure your data is properly partitioned. Partitioning divides your data into manageable chunks, allowing parallel processing and reducing the amount of data scanned. Filtering : Apply pushdown predicates to filter data early in the ETL process, reducing the amount of data processed downstream. Compression : Use compressed file formats (e.g., Parquet, ORC) for your data sources and sinks. These formats not only reduce storage costs but also improve I/O performance. Optimize Transformations : Minimize the number of transformations and actions in your script. Combine transformations where possible and use DataFrame APIs which are optimized for performance. 2. Use Appropriate Data Formats Parquet and ORC : These columnar formats are efficient for storage and querying, signif
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5 Tricky Python Interpreter Interview Questions

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Python is an interpreter, which converts to byte-code when it first encounters the .py module. It is portable. And, it is a one-time job.



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  1. Python Interpreter Interview Questions

Python Interpreter


1 - What's an Interpreter?


Python interpreter converts source-code to byte-code when you first execute it is non-runnable code. The only software can process that code. During Python installation, a virtual environment will create. This environment can parse the byte code.



2 - What're the differences Between Bytecode and Machine Code?


  • Machine code is binary that you can see in the form of 0,1s.
  • Byte code is non-readable, only a designated software can parse it.

3 - How does Python Interpreter Work?

Self-read flow chart. The smiley is byte-code. It uses other libraries and create byte-code.


Python interpreter is not a compiler. It is tricky, interviews, they may confuse you. This answer is perfect for how the interpreter works in Python.
Execution flow of Interpreter


4 - When you Install Python, the list of components do you think to install?


Interpreter and Libraries.


Interpreter.


The process of the interpreter is BlackBox to the programmer. The interpreter will create a .pyc module. It will then be input to PVM (Python Virtual Machine). So you don't need to interpret it when you invoke next time.



The PVM (Python Virtual Machine) is just like JVM in Java, a run-time environment, which executes Byte-code and gives you output. Here are 4 Python Oops Concepts.



Libraries.


During the Python installation, you can see a lot of other libraries do install. These libraries help the interpreter work smoothly.


A Flowchart that shows how Python interpreter uses the Libraries to create byte code.



Python Byte-code


5. What is the name of the Module That creates PVM?

It is called Venu. The source code present at Lib/venv/.


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