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Step-by-Step Guide to Reading Different Files in Python

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 In the world of data science, automation, and general programming, working with files is unavoidable. Whether you’re dealing with CSV reports, JSON APIs, Excel sheets, or text logs, Python provides rich and easy-to-use libraries for reading different file formats. In this guide, we’ll explore how to read different files in Python , with code examples and best practices. 1. Reading Text Files ( .txt ) Text files are the simplest form of files. Python’s built-in open() function handles them effortlessly. Example: # Open and read a text file with open ( "sample.txt" , "r" ) as file: content = file.read() print (content) Explanation: "r" mode means read . with open() automatically closes the file when done. Best Practice: Always use with to handle files to avoid memory leaks. 2. Reading CSV Files ( .csv ) CSV files are widely used for storing tabular data. Python has a built-in csv module and a powerful pandas library. Using cs...
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How to Write Class Object in Ubuntu Python

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Python supports object-oriented programming, which makes python powerful. Creating class in Ubuntu python explained. You can use it in different ways by assigning it to an object. Doing all these are explained in the below steps.
 

Here is a logic you can create a script with Class and Objects


Writing Class in Python in 3 Steps


  1. Python code
  2. Write the code in script
  3. Execute script

Writing Class in Python


Below sample code my give indentation errors. However, I have corrected the code in the actual script.


class Employee:
"""Base class"""
empCount = 0


def __init__(self, name, salary):
self.name = name
self.salary = salary
Employee.empCount += 1


# can also be written as Employee.empCount = Employee.empCount + 1
def displayEmployee(self): # function is defined here
print "Name : ", self.name, ", Salary: ", self.salary


# "emp1 is the first object of Employee class"
emp1 = Employee("Akhil", 2000)


# "emp2 is the second object of Employee class"
emp2 = Employee("Suresh", 5000)
emp1.displayEmployee()
emp2.displayEmployee()
print ("Total Employee %d" % Employee.empCount)

Python Script


You need to use vim command to create a script in Ubuntu.  You can do any Linux operating system for practice.


$ vim poly.py


Python Class and Object in a Script


Logic: 

In python,' init' is a mandatory method with 'self' you need to give. The arguments 'name' and 'salary' are optional to you. Here I used two objects of Employee - emp1 and emp2. The Employee is the base class.


These objects used the "displayEmployee" method. According to the print definition, you got the below output details.


The last print has two characters. One is %d and %. The %d, pads a blank. If you want more, you can write %2d, %3d, and so on.

Executing script


From Python Console, get the .py module using the "import" command. It runs as and when the import completes.

  • The command to import is - >>> import poly.py
  • When I imported, it displayed the messages as expected.

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