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Mastering flat_map in Python with List Comprehension

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Introduction In Python, when working with nested lists or iterables, one common challenge is flattening them into a single list while applying transformations. Many programming languages provide a built-in flatMap function, but Python does not have an explicit flat_map method. However, Python’s powerful list comprehensions offer an elegant way to achieve the same functionality. This article examines implementation behavior using Python’s list comprehensions and other methods. What is flat_map ? Functional programming  flatMap is a combination of map and flatten . It transforms the collection's element and flattens the resulting nested structure into a single sequence. For example, given a list of lists, flat_map applies a function to each sublist and returns a single flattened list. Example in a Functional Programming Language: List(List(1, 2), List(3, 4)).flatMap(x => x.map(_ * 2)) // Output: List(2, 4, 6, 8) Implementing flat_map in Python Using List Comprehension Python’...
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Relational Operators in Python: A Quick Guide On How to Use Them

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Relational operators in Python are helpful, If you are working with numeric values to compare them. Here we explore eight different relational operators and provide examples of how each one works. So to compare numeric values it is a useful guide to refresh.


Relational Operators


Python Relational Operators

Here's a frequently used list of relational operators, and these you can use to compare numeric values. The list shows how to use each operator helpful for data analysis.


<
<=
>
>=
==
!=
Is
is not

Python program: How to use relational operators

Assign 23 to a and 11 to b. Then, apply all the comparison operators. The output is self-explanatory. Bookmark this article to refresh when you are in doubt.

Example

a = 23
b = 11
print("Is a greater than b?", a > b) #greater than
print("Is a less than b?", a < b) #less than
print("Is a greater or equal to b?", a >= b) #greater or equal
print("Is a less or equal to b?", a <= b) #less or equal
print("Is a equal to b (option 1)?", a == b) #test for equality
print("Is a equal to b (option 2)?", a is b) #test for equality
print("Is a not equal to b (option 1)?", a != b) #test for inequality
print("Is a not equal to b (option 2)?", a is not b) #test for inequality


The output

Is a greater than b? True
Is a less than b? False
Is a greater or equal to b? True
Is a less or equal to b? False
Is a equal to b (option 1)? False
Is a equal to b (option 2)? False
Is a not equal to b (option 1)? True
Is a not equal to b (option 2)? Tru



** Process exited - Return Code: 0 **
Press Enter to exit terminal

Conclusion

Relational operators are very helpful for developers who work on data analysis projects, and act as a quick guide they can use as a refresher.

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