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Python: Built-in Functions vs. For & If Loops – 5 Programs Explained

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Python’s built-in functions make coding fast and efficient. But understanding how they work under the hood is crucial to mastering Python. This post shows five Python tasks, each implemented in two ways: Using built-in functions Using for loops and if statements ✅ 1. Sum of a List ✅ Using Built-in Function: numbers = [ 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 ] total = sum (numbers) print ( "Sum:" , total) 🔁 Using For Loop: numbers = [ 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 ] total = 0 for num in numbers: total += num print ( "Sum:" , total) ✅ 2. Find Maximum Value ✅ Using Built-in Function: values = [ 3 , 18 , 7 , 24 , 11 ] maximum = max (values) print ( "Max:" , maximum) 🔁 Using For and If: values = [ 3 , 18 , 7 , 24 , 11 ] maximum = values[ 0 ] for val in values: if val > maximum: maximum = val print ( "Max:" , maximum) ✅ 3. Count Vowels in a String ✅ Using Built-ins: text = "hello world" vowel_count = sum ( 1 for ch in text if ch i...

Python: How to Work With Various File Formats

Here is Python logic that shows Parse and Read Different Files in Python. The formats are XML, JSON, CSV, Excel, Text, PDF, Zip files, Images, SQLlite, and Yaml.

Parse and Read Different Files in Python

Python Reading Files


import pandas as pd
import json
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from PIL import Image
import pytesseract
import PyPDF2
from zipfile import ZipFile
import sqlite3
import yaml

Reading Text Files


# Read text file (.txt)
def read_text_file(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
        text = file.read()
    return text

Reading CSV Files


# Read CSV file (.csv)
def read_csv_file(file_path):
    df = pd.read_csv(file_path)
    return df


Reading JSON Files


# Read JSON file (.json)
def read_json_file(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
        json_data = json.load(file)
    return json_data

Reading Excel Files


# Read Excel file (.xlsx, .xls)
def read_excel_file(file_path):
    df = pd.read_excel(file_path)
    return df

Reading PDF files


# Read PDF file (.pdf)
def read_pdf_file(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:
        pdf_reader = PyPDF2.PdfReader(file)
        text = ""
        for page in pdf_reader.pages:
            text += page.extract_text()
    return text


Reading XML Files


# Read XML file (.xml)
def read_xml_file(file_path):
    tree = ET.parse(file_path)
    root = tree.getroot()
    return root


Reading Image Files


# Read image file (.jpg, .png, etc.)
def read_image_file(file_path):
    image = Image.open(file_path)
    text = pytesseract.image_to_string(image)
    return text

Reading Zip Files


# Read compressed file (.zip, .tar.gz, etc.)
def read_compressed_file(file_path):
    with ZipFile(file_path, 'r') as zip_file:
        files = zip_file.namelist()
    return files


Reading SQLLite


# Read SQLite database file (.db)
def read_sqlite_file(file_path):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(file_path)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM table_name")
    data = cursor.fetchall()
    return data

Reading YAML Files


# Read YAML file (.yaml)
def read_yaml_file(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
        yaml_data = yaml.load(file, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)
    return yaml_data

# Usage examples
txt_file = "/path/to/text/file.txt"
txt_data = read_text_file(txt_file)

csv_file = "/path/to/csv/file.csv"
csv_dataframe = read_csv_file(csv_file)

json_file = "/path/to/json/file.json"
json_data = read_json_file(json_file)

excel_file = "/path/to/excel/file.xlsx"
excel_dataframe = read_excel_file(excel_file)

pdf_file = "/path/to/pdf/file.pdf"
pdf_text = read_pdf_file(pdf_file)

xml_file = "/path/to/xml/file.xml"
xml_data = read_xml_file(xml_file)

image_file = "/path/to/image/file.jpg"
image_text = read_image_file(image_file)

zip_file = "/path/to/compressed/file.zip"
compressed_files = read_compressed_file(zip_file)

sqlite_file = "/path/to/sqlite/file.db"
sqlite_data = read_sqlite_file(sqlite_file)

yaml_file = "/path/to/yaml/file.yaml"
yaml_data = read_yaml_file(yaml_file)


Note that some functionalities, like reading images or extracting data from an SQLite database, may require additional libraries to be installed, such as pytesseract for image processing and SQLite3 for database manipulation. Make sure you have those libraries installed before running the code.

Conclusion


In conclusion, the ability to read different file formats is a crucial skill in Python programming, enabling developers to handle a diverse range of data sources.

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