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Step-by-Step Guide to Reading Different Files in Python

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 In the world of data science, automation, and general programming, working with files is unavoidable. Whether you’re dealing with CSV reports, JSON APIs, Excel sheets, or text logs, Python provides rich and easy-to-use libraries for reading different file formats. In this guide, we’ll explore how to read different files in Python , with code examples and best practices. 1. Reading Text Files ( .txt ) Text files are the simplest form of files. Python’s built-in open() function handles them effortlessly. Example: # Open and read a text file with open ( "sample.txt" , "r" ) as file: content = file.read() print (content) Explanation: "r" mode means read . with open() automatically closes the file when done. Best Practice: Always use with to handle files to avoid memory leaks. 2. Reading CSV Files ( .csv ) CSV files are widely used for storing tabular data. Python has a built-in csv module and a powerful pandas library. Using cs...
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Relative Vs. Absolute Path in Linux: Top Differences

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 Here's the difference between the relative and absolute paths in Linux. Many a time, the programmer needs to trade in these paths. Here're simple ideas on how you can differentiate.

Top differences between absolute and relative paths

Absolute Vs. Relative path


These are the differences between Absolute and Relative path in Linux.

Absolute Path


$ cd /usr/lib

$ cd /usr/lib pwd

See this path (linux#1/usr/lib), when you give PWD, it gives a full path from the root level. This is called absolute or full path.

Think of the absolute pathname as being the complete mailing address for a package that the postal service will deliver to your next-door neighbor.

Relative Path


$ cd usr
$ /user cd lib
$ /usr/lib pwd

$ linux#1/usr/lib ==> Going step by step and achieving.

$ linux#1/usr/lib cd ../../ ==> This is the method of going back step by step.

$ linux#1 ==> This is root level directory

You are currently in the lib directory. So relative path nothing but complete information of all the mother directories.

Here, for lib, the usr is the mother directory. In simple terms, it is a step-by-step way and to reach your target directory. You might aware the .. (double dots), means you'll go to the mother of the current directory.

Think of the relative directory name as giving the postal carrier directions from your house to the one next door so that the carrier can deliver the package.

Command to got to Home directory


$ linux#1/usr/lib

You currently in the 'lib' directory.

$ cd

$ linux#1 ==> This is your home directory.

Notes: If you give cd without any arguments, it goes to home directory.

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