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Step-by-Step Guide to Reading Different Files in Python

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 In the world of data science, automation, and general programming, working with files is unavoidable. Whether you’re dealing with CSV reports, JSON APIs, Excel sheets, or text logs, Python provides rich and easy-to-use libraries for reading different file formats. In this guide, we’ll explore how to read different files in Python , with code examples and best practices. 1. Reading Text Files ( .txt ) Text files are the simplest form of files. Python’s built-in open() function handles them effortlessly. Example: # Open and read a text file with open ( "sample.txt" , "r" ) as file: content = file.read() print (content) Explanation: "r" mode means read . with open() automatically closes the file when done. Best Practice: Always use with to handle files to avoid memory leaks. 2. Reading CSV Files ( .csv ) CSV files are widely used for storing tabular data. Python has a built-in csv module and a powerful pandas library. Using cs...

How to Write Complex Python Script: Explained Each Step

 Creating a complex Python script is challenging, but I can provide you with a simplified example of a script that simulates a basic bank account system. In a real-world application, this would be much more elaborate, but here's a concise version.


Complex Python Script



Python Complex Script

Here is an example of a Python script that explains each step:


class BankAccount:

    def __init__(self, account_holder, initial_balance=0):

        self.account_holder = account_holder

        self.balance = initial_balance


    def deposit(self, amount):

        if amount > 0:

            self.balance += amount

            print(f"Deposited ${amount}. New balance: ${self.balance}")

        else:

            print("Invalid deposit amount.")


    def withdraw(self, amount):

        if 0 < amount <= self.balance:

            self.balance -= amount

            print(f"Withdrew ${amount}. New balance: ${self.balance}")

        else:

            print("Invalid withdrawal amount or insufficient funds.")


    def get_balance(self):

        print(f"Account balance for {self.account_holder}: ${self.balance}")



# Example usage:

if __name__ == "__main__":

    account1 = BankAccount("Alice", 1000)

    account2 = BankAccount("Bob")


    account1.deposit(500)

    account2.deposit(750)

    account1.withdraw(200)

    account2.withdraw(1000)

    account1.get_balance()

    account2.get_balance()



This script defines a BankAccount class with methods for depositing, withdrawing, and checking the balance. In the example usage section, two bank accounts are created for Alice and Bob, and various transactions are made.


Please note that this is a simplified example for demonstration purposes. In a real banking system, you would need more robust security measures, data persistence, and error handling. Additionally, the code would typically be spread across multiple files for better organization and maintainability.


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